Governing Legitimate Difference: A Comparative Design-Science Framework for Islamic Taqrib, Christian Ecumenism and the Karamah of Difference Index

SeyyedAbdolHojjat  MoghadasNian,SeyedMehdi  AlizadehMousavi,SeyedMohammadMahdi  HosseinPoor,Mahdi  Farmanian,Akbar  Bagheri

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Governing Legitimate Difference: A Comparative Design-Science Framework for Islamic Taqrib, Christian Ecumenism and the Karamah of Difference Index

S. MoghadasNian,

S. AlizadehMousavi,

S. HosseinPoor,

M. Farmanian,

A. Bagheri

2026-07-02

https://doi.org/10.24108/preprints-3115751

Religious unity is frequently presented as a theological duty, moral aspiration or diplomatic slogan, but less often as a governance problem: how can communities preserve doctrinal integrity while preventing difference from becoming humiliation, exclusion, fear or violence? This article develops a comparative design-science framework for Islamic Taqrib and Christian ecumenism by treating both as institutional architectures for legitimate religious difference rather than as projects of merger, doctrinal dilution or rhetorical coexistence. The study combines qualitative comparative document analysis with design-science reasoning. It synthesizes selected Islamic and Christian unity documents and uses the author-developed Taqrib and ecumenical model corpus as a bounded design input, not as empirical proof. The analysis identifies five cross-tradition mechanisms: boundary recognition, authority accountability, dialogical institutionalization, reception governance and common witness. On this basis, the article proposes the Legitimate Difference Governance Framework and the Karamah of Difference Index, a conceptual Key Performance Indicator (KPI) architecture for assessing whether communities experience difference as dignified, bounded and governable rather than as existential threat. The contribution is theoretical, methodological and practical: it reframes unity as non-erasure and accountable reception; demonstrates how design-science logic can translate religious-governance concepts into a validation-ready artifact; and offers institutions a non-reductive monitoring architecture for trust, non-humiliation, anti-takfir resilience, reception depth and crisis response. The article does not claim empirical validation; it defines a validation-ready conceptual artifact and a future validation pathway.

Ссылка для цитирования:

MoghadasNian S., AlizadehMousavi S., HosseinPoor S., Farmanian M., Bagheri A. 2026. Governing Legitimate Difference: A Comparative Design-Science Framework for Islamic Taqrib, Christian Ecumenism and the Karamah of Difference Index. PREPRINTS.RU. https://doi.org/10.24108/preprints-3115751

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